![]() Parts of the original Roman sewers are preserved underneath the city, with the new sewerage system having opened in 1890.Īfter the destruction of the Jewish temple in Jerusalem and the associated dispersion (diaspora) of the Jews, there is evidence of a Jewish community in Cologne. The city was the capital of a Roman province until it was occupied by the Ripuarian Franks in 462. Maternus, who was elected as bishop in 313, was the first known bishop of Cologne. Cologne is shown on the 4th century Peutinger Map. Roman imperial governors resided in the city and it became one of the most important trade and production centers in the Roman Empire north of the Alps. In 310, under emperor Constantine I, a bridge was built over the Rhine at Cologne. From 260 to 271, Cologne was the capital of the Gallic Empire under Postumus, Marius, and Victorinus. Considerable Roman remains can be found in present-day Cologne, especially near the wharf area, where a 1,900-year-old Roman boat was discovered in late 2007. In 50 CE, the Romans founded Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (Cologne) on the river Rhine and the city became the provincial capital of Germania Inferior in 85 CE. The first urban settlement on the grounds of modern-day Cologne was Oppidum Ubiorum, founded in 38 BCE by the Ubii, a Cisrhenian Germanic tribe.
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